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- (a) Swing radius hazards.
- (1) The requirements in paragraph (a)(2) of this section apply where there are accessible areas in which the equipment's rotating super-structure (whether permanently or temporarily mounted) poses a reasonably foreseeable risk of:
- (i) Striking and injuring an employee; or
- (ii) Pinching/crushing an employee against another part of the equipment or another object.
- (2) To prevent employees from entering these hazard areas, the employer must:
- (i) Train each employee assigned to work on or near the equipment ("authorized personnel") in how to recognize struck-by and pinch/crush hazard areas posed by the rotating superstructure.
- (ii) Erect and maintain control lines, warning lines, railings or similar barriers to mark the boundaries of the hazard areas. Exception: When the employer can demonstrate that it is neither feasible to erect such barriers on the ground nor on the equipment, the hazard areas must be clearly marked by a combination of warning signs (such as "Danger Swing/crush Zone?") and high visibility markings on the equipment that identify the hazard areas. In addition, the employer must train each employee to understand what these markings signify.
- (3) Protecting employees in the hazard area.
- (i) Before an employee goes to a location in the hazard area that is out of view of the operator, the employee (or someone instructed by the employee) must ensure that the operator is informed that he/she is going to that location.
- (ii) Where the operator knows that an employee went to a location covered by paragraph (a)(1) of this section, the operator must not rotate the superstructure until the operator is informed in accordance with a prearranged system of communication that the employee is in a safe position.
- (b) Where any part of a crane/derrick is within the working radius of another crane/derrick, the controlling entity must institute a system to coordinate operations. If there is no controlling entity, the employer (if there is only one employer operating the multiple pieces of equipment), or employers, must institute such a system.
